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November 8, 2011November 8, 2011

Android Platform Optimizations – ELCE 2011

Ruud Derwig and Mischa Jonker, both working at Synopsys, present different Android optimization methods at Embedded Linux Conference Europe 2011. Abstract: Although compute platforms gain performance with every new generation, getting the most out of every cycle and milliwatt remains a key value driver for Consumer Electronics. This presentation opens up the Android platform and explain what platform components and frameworks can benefit from performance optimizations. The optimizations are illustrated using real-life examples from the porting and optimization of the Android platform for the DesignWare ARC CPU. Both Android platform and application developers will gain insight in how to improve Android performance. Topics that are addressed include the Pixelflinger, Linux kernel and drivers, Javascript engine, Bionic C library, and the Dalvik VM. We’ll demonstrate the portability of Android and suitability of the ARC architecture for building efficiently Android systems. You can also download the presentation slides.

November 8, 2011November 8, 2011

Embedded Linux Optimization Techniques – ELCE 2011

Benjamin Zores, Alcatel-Lucent, describes different optimization techniques (focusing on hardware choice and software architecture) that can be used to improve the performance of embedded linux at Embedded Linux Conference Europe 2011. Abstract: This presentation provides a series of techniques that can be used for Linux embedded systems fine-grain tuning and performances optimization. Embedded systems are, by definition, always limited in terms of resources while people keep on trying to use desktop-oriented software on top of it. This talk presents a series of tips that can be used to actually measure, find and isolate bottlenecks in your system, whether it is by complete system profiling or software architecture optimization. Focus is also made on the traditional caveats that need to be avoided for your system not to be slow by design. You can also download the presentation slides.

November 8, 2011

Developing Embedded Linux Devices Using the Yocto Project – ELCE 2011

Presentation entitled “Developing Embedded Linux Devices Using the Yocto Project and What’s new in 1.1” by David Stewart, Intel, at Embedded Linux Conference Europe 2011. Abstract: The Yocto Project is a joint project to unify the world’s efforts around embedded Linux and to make Linux the best choice for embedded designs. The Yocto Project is an open source starting point for embedded Linux development which contains tools, templates, methods and actual working code to get started with an embedded device project. In addition, the Yocto Project includes Eclipse plug-ins to assist the developer. This talk gives a walk-through of the key parts of the Yocto Project for developing embedded Linux projects. In addition, features are described from the latest release of Yocto (1.1). At the end of the talk, developers should be able to start their own embedded project using the Yocto Project and use it for developing the next […]

November 8, 2011November 8, 2011

Board Bringup: LCD and Display Interfaces – ELCE 2011

Presentation “Board Bringup: LCD and Display Interfaces” by David Anders, Texas Instruments, at Embedded Linux Conference Europe 2011. Board bringup is one of the most under documented aspects of embedded development. This presentation looked at the various display technologies such as DisplayPort, DVI, LVDS, and other LCD interfacing methods with emphasis on how to bringup, debug, and validate them on new hardware. Using a case study, aspects such as interfacing timing, extended display identification data(EDID), and backlight controls have been discussed. Most embedded linux developers at some point in their career will be handed a piece of hardware that is untested. LCD bringup is one of the most challenging assignments for an embedded developer. This presentation intends to provide some core tools and methods for bringup of a new display interface. You can also download the presentation slides

November 7, 2011

LinuxCon Europe 2011 Keynote: Imagine a World Without Linux

Free-electronics has made 51 videos of Embedded Linux Conference Europe 2011 available at http://free-electrons.com/blog/elce-2011-videos/ in webM format that you’ll need to download. I’ll upload a few to Youtube to them more accessible. The fist video is the keynote by Jim Zemlin, Executive Director of The Linux Foundation entitled “Imagine a world without Linux”. During this keynote, Jim thinks about a world without Linux and wonders where your Internet search, your social networking company, you mobile phone os, your ecommerce provider would be without it. He also talks about the critical moments that contributed to the foundation of Linux and its establishment as the underpinning of so much of our economy and culture.

November 7, 2011November 7, 2011

Development Testing with Static Analysis

I’ve recently come across an EE Times article written by Coverity stressing the benefits of static analysis and how it can help finding potential issues in the code early. They mentioned 3 static analysis techniques: Dataflow analysis This technique can find the defect in the listing below during compile time.

void null_pointer_deref(int x)
{
    char *p;
    if (x == 0) {
        p = foo();
    } else {
        p = 0;
    }
    if(x != 0) {
        *p;
    } else {
        ...
    }
}

void null_pointer_deref(int x)

{

char *p;

if (x == 0) {

p = foo();

} else {

p = 0;

}

if(x != 0) {

*p;

} else {

...

}

If value of x passed into the function is not zero, p is assigned a null pointer with p=0. Then, the next conditional check (x!=0) takes a true branch and in the next line p is dereferenced, leading to a null pointer dereference. This type of issue can be detected at compiled time with dataflow analysis. Interprocedural analysis This technique can find defects across function and method boundaries. See listing below:

void *zero_alloc(size_t size) {
    void *p = malloc(size);
    if (!p) return NULL; 

    memset(p,0,size);
    return p;
}

struct S *create_S(int initial_value) { 
    struct S *s = (struct S *) zero_alloc(sizeof(*s));
    if (!s) return NULL;
    s-&gt;field = initial_value;
    return s;
}

int example_leak(struct S *s, int value) {
    struct S *tmp = s;
    if(!tmp) {
       tmp = create_S(value);
    }
    if(!tmp) return -1;
    ...
    return 0;
}

void *zero_alloc(size_t size) {

void *p = malloc(size);

if (!p) return NULL;

memset(p,0,size);

return p;

}

struct S *create_S(int initial_value) {

struct S *s = (struct S *) zero_alloc(sizeof(*s));

if (!s) return NULL;

s->field = initial_value;

return s;

}

int example_leak(struct S *s, int value) {

struct S *tmp = s;

if(!tmp) {

tmp = create_S(value);

}

if(!tmp) return -1;

...

return 0;

}

There are 3 functions: example_leak, create_S and zero_alloc. Interprocedural analysis can go through the code and identify the memory leak. The analysis engine has to trace the […]

Rockchip RK3568/RK3588 and Intel x86 SBCs

November 6, 2011November 6, 2011

Ubuntu Linaro Evaluation Builds (LEB) Tutorial

Ricardo Salveti, tech lead of the Developer Platform working group, gave a tutorial on the Ubuntu Linaro Evaluation Builds (LEBs) during Linaro Connect Q4.11. He first described the list of available images: nano – minimal rootfs (command line) with apt/dkpg support ALIP – nano + X11 + browser Developer – nano + development tools Ubuntu Desktop – clone of Ubuntu with Linaro modifications. and how the builds are made available via nightly builds and hardware packs. Linaro aims at making Ubuntu the reference Linux distribution for ARM. This goal is valid for Cortex A processors, but for older ARM core (ARM9/ARM11) other distributions will have to used such as Debian. For example, Raspberry Pi board (ARM1176) will support Fedora optimized by Redhat. He then gave further details on Offspring the Linaro build system based on live-build scripts used for Debian. The source code is retrieved either via git (http:/git.linaro.org) or launchpad […]

November 5, 2011May 14, 2012

All You Need to Create a Beaglebone Clone

The Beagleboard community has released Beaglebone Rev 3 hardware design files so that other people can now modify the hardware and/or create a clone. Here are the files: Schematics (PDF) Schematics (Orcad) [update] Bill of materials Gerber files Allegro files (PCB layout) System Reference Manual [update] To open Allegro files, you’ll need to download Cadence Allegro FREE Viewer or purchase one of Cadence PCB Design software if you don’t have it yet. The schematics are only provided in PDF format for now, so you would be able to modify them unless you reproduce the PDF one. Since TI has now released the Orcad schematics you’d also be able to make a custom board by modifying the schematics. Please note that those files comes with the following disclaimer: These design materials are *NOT SUPPORTED* and DO NOT constitute a reference design. THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE DESIGN MATERIALS, TO THE […]