3µA/MHz Ambiq Apollo 4 MCU Targets Battery-powered IoT Devices with Voice Processing

Apollo 4 AMA4B2KK-KBRAmbiq Micro is using sub-threshold voltages under 0.5V to offer ultra-low-power Arm microcontrollers. In 2015, the company launch the Apollo Cortex-M4F MCU with 30µA/MHz power consumption in active mode, which was followed in 2016 by Apollo 2 in consuming just 10µA/MHz, and Apollo 3 (Blue)  dropped power consumption to as low as 6µA/MHz against using a Cortex-M4F @ 48 MHz in active mode.

The fourth generation of ultra-low-power Apollo microcontroller has now been announced with Apollo 4 and Apollo 4 Blue microcontrollers – the latter adding Bluetooth – halving the power consumption of Apollo 3 at just 3µA/MHz, or ten times less than the original ultra-low-power MCU from the company.

Apollo 4 Blue
Apollo 4 Blue Block Diagram

Apollo 4 (Blue) specifications and key features:

  • MCU Core – Arm Cortex-M4F core up to 192 MHz (TurboSPOT) with FPU, Memory Protection Unit (MPU), and Secure Boot
  • GPU – 2D/2.5D graphics accelerator with full alpha blending, texture and frame buffer compression
  • Ultra-Low Power Memory
    • Up to 2MB of non-volatile MRAM for code/data
    • Up to 1.8MB of low power RAM for code/data
  • Display I/F – 2-lane MIPI DSI 1.2 up to 500 Mbps, up to 640 x 480 resolution with 4-layers with alpha blending, frame buffer decompression
  • Audio
    • 1x stereo low power Analog microphone
    • 4x stereo Digital microphones
    • 2x full-duplex I2S ports with ASRC
  • Wireless Connectivity (Apollo 4 Blue only)
    • Bluetooth Low Energy 5 up to 2 Mbps, extended advertising packets, AOA/AOD for direction finding
    • Tx – 4 mA @ 0 dBm, Rx 4 mA
    • Tx – -20 dBm to +10 dBm output power
    • Rx Sensitivity – -97 dBm at 1 Mbps, -94 dBm at 2 Mbps
  • Ultra-Low Power Interface for On- and Off-Chip Sensors
    • 12-bit ADC, 11 selectable input channels
    • Up to 2.8 MS/s sampling rate
    • Temperature sensor with +/-3°C accuracy
  • Ultra-Low Power Flexible Serial Peripherals
    • 3x 2/4/8-bit SPI master interfaces
    • Up to 8x I2C/SPI masters for peripheral communication
    • 1x SPI slave for host communications
    • 4x UART modules with flow control
    • 1x USB 2.0 HS/FS device controller
    • 1x SDIO (SD3.0)/1x eMMC (v4.51)
  • Clock Sources – 16-52 MHz and 32.768 kHz Crystal (XTAL) oscillators; 1 kHz LFRC oscillator; 2x HFRC oscillator – 192/384 MHz
  • Ultra-Low Supply Current
    • 3 μA/MHz executing from MRAM (with cache)
    • 3 μA/MHz executing from SRAM
    • 1.5 μA low power sleep mode with RTC and 8KB SRAM retention
  • Operating Voltage – 1.71-2.2 V; SIMO buck; Multiple I/O voltages supported
  • Package Options
    • Apollo 4
      • 5 x 5 mm, 146-pin BGA with 105 GPIO
      • 3.9 x 3.9 mm, 121-pin WLCSP with 82 GPIO
    • Apollo 4 Blue – 4.7 mm x 4.7 mm, 131-pin SIP BGA
  • Temperature Range –40°C to 85°C
  • Process – TSMC 22nm ULL

Apollo 4 and Apollo 4 Blue are basically identical except for the latter adding Bluetooth 5 LE, and losing one I2C interface in the process. Packages are also different.

Applications listed by the company include smartwatches, wireless sensors and IoT, activity/monitors, motion and tracking devices, alarms and security systems, far-field voice remotes, consumer medical devices, predictive maintenance, and the smart home. The press release highlights Apollo 4 is especially well-suited to battery-powered smart IoT devices with always-on voice processing.

Apollo 4 Blue Development Board
Apollo 4 Development Board

The company offers a development board for the new Apollo 4 microcontrollers with I/O headers, buttons, and USB-C port. There’s no public documentation for the board that I could find, however.

Visit the product page for further information.

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